This
colloquium marks an important crossroads in the academic study of
language. The nature of the discipline of linguistics, its role and
positioning within the sciences, social sciences and humanities, and
its goals, methods and theoretical foundations are beset by uncertainty.
This meeting seeks to address fundamental questions concerning the
nature of the academic study of language, its future direction, and
the themes, methods and issues by which it should be shaped. Integrational
linguistics is a lay-oriented inquiry or mode of investigation - it
regards all language users as in some sense linguists. Rather than
presenting itself as a science with a "God's truth" insight
into language, integrationism takes seriously the diversity of beliefs
about language found at the individual, contextual and cultural level.
Following on from this, the conference aims to draw on Hong Kong's
positioning to explore ideas about language in a cross-cultural context,
with a special session applying the "China-West" framework
to the study of language.
The
publication of Franz Bopp's Uber das Conjugationssystem der Sanskritsprache
(1816) and of Ferdinand de Saussure's Cours de Linguistique Generale
(1916) in retrospect both marked fundamental moments in the academic
study of language in the West. In the 19th century the discipline
of comparative-historical linguistics ("comparative philology")
emerged, staking a claim to scholarly, even scientific rigor, with
Indo-European studies at its centre. The 20th century saw the rise
of an autonomous academic discipline, "linguistics", with
its central idea of a synchronic linguistic system. The post-1945
world-wide expansion of linguistics coincided with decolonization,
and this brought the politics of language and language planning to
centre stage. The advent of Chomskyan theory, however, seemed to offer
linguistics an alliance with, or even a dominant role within, psychology
and biology. Within this framework language as a social institution
was marginalized in favour of what was perceived as the core "language
faculty" and the requirement of an autonomous and systematic
object of study. Modern sociolinguistics as it developed was divided
between this commitment to a "hard" scientific (quantitative)
framework and an anthropological exploration of community, identity
and social roles. The conference seeks to mark a new century of linguistic
theorizing by posing fundamental questions about the future of the
discipline.
The
integrational critique of linguistics has focused on a set of interlocking
presuppositions, including the autonomy of linguistics, its identification
of the linguistic system as an object of study, and related notions
of linguistic form and meaning. While this critique - and its corollary
in the advocacy of a lay-oriented linguistics - has been to a degree
in tune with discussions of meaning and interpretation in literary
theory, reflexive sociology and anthropology, as well as in important
strands in philosophy and the philosophy of science, mainstream linguists
have responded, if at all, by pointing to the lack of a reproducible
method with which to analyze 'data'.
Intergrational
linguistics takes seriously the embedding of ideas about language
in cultural traditions, socio-political contexts, and their role in
cross-cultural interactions and intellectual development. It challenges
the idea of linguistics as a neutral science, and asserts the fundamental
importance of context in all the various meaning of that term for
the understanding of language.